The Holocaust is derived from a Greek word meaning "sacrifice by fire". The Holocaust was the mass murder of Jewish people and other undesirables such as homosexuals, political prisoners, gypsies, the disabled, priests, and Germans who were not for the cause. This is called genocide, which is, the deliberate killing of a large group of people, esp. those of a particular ethnic group or nation. The Nazis were members of the National Socialist German Workers' Party and believed, like Hilter, that Germans (blond haired, blue eyed people) were the arian race. This hatred of everyone else, especially Jewish people, is called Anti-Semitism. The people were placed in Concentration Camps where they were pushed into forced labor and worked to death. The conditions were horrible. Many starved to death and died of disease or the freezing cold. Many undesirables were deported to Ghettos. Ghettos isolated Jews by separating Jewish communities from the non-Jewish people and from other Jewish communities. The Germans established at least 1,000 ghettos in German-occupied and annexed Poland and the Soviet Union alone. German occupation authorities established the first ghetto in Poland in Piotrków Trybunalski in October 1939. From there the people would be picked up in cattle cars and sent to their death in the Death Camps and Concentration Camps this was called Deportation. Kristallnacht also called "The Night of Broken Glass" was the deliberate destruction of Jewish synagogues, homes and businesses. This marked the start of the Holocaust.
Timeline:
1933:
January 30, 1933 - Adolf Hitler is appointed Chancellor of Germany.
March 22, 1933 - Nazis open Dachau concentration camp near Munich, to be followed by Buchenwald near Weimar in central Germany, Sachsenhausen near Berlin in northern Germany, and Ravensbrück for women.
March 24, 1933 - German Parliament passes Enabling Act giving Hitler dictatorial powers.
April 11, 1933 - Nazis issue a Decree defining a non-Aryan as "anyone descended from non-Aryan, especially Jewish, parents or grandparents. One parent or grandparent classifies the descendant as non-Aryan...especially if one parent or grandparent was of the Jewish faith."
May 10, 1933 - Burning of books in Berlin and throughout Germany.
July 14, 1933 - Nazi Party is declared the only legal party in Germany; Also, Nazis pass Law to strip Jewish immigrants from Poland of their German citizenship
In July - Nazis pass law allowing for forced sterilization of those found by a Hereditary Health Court to have genetic defects.
In September - Nazis establish Reich Chamber of Culture, then exclude Jews from the Arts.
September 29, 1933 - Nazis prohibit Jews from owning land.
October 4, 1933 - Jews are prohibited from being newspaper editors.
November 24, 1933 - Nazis pass a Law against Habitual and Dangerous Criminals, which allows beggars, the homeless, alcoholics and the unemployed to be sent to concentration camps.
1934:
May 17, 1934 - Jews not allowed national health insurance.
August 2, 1934 - German President von Hindenburg dies. Hitler becomes Führer.
1935:
May 21, 1935 - Nazis ban Jews from serving in the military.
June 26, 1935 - Nazis pass law allowing forced abortions on women to prevent them from passing on hereditary diseases.
August 6, 1935 - Nazis force Jewish performers/artists to join Jewish Cultural Unions.
September 15, 1935 - Nuremberg Race Laws against Jews decreed.
1936:
March 7, 1936 - Nazis occupy the Rhineland.
In August - Nazis set up an Office for Combating Homosexuality and Abortions (by healthy women).
1937:
In January - Jews are banned from many professional occupations including teaching Germans, and from being accountants or dentists. They are also denied tax reductions and child allowances.
1938:
April 22, 1938 - Nazis prohibit Aryan 'front-ownership' of Jewish businesses.
April 26, 1938 - Nazis order Jews to register wealth and property.
June 14, 1938 - Nazis order Jewish-owned businesses to register.
July 6, 1938 - Nazis prohibited Jews from trading and providing a variety of specified commercial services.
July 23, 1938 - Nazis order Jews over age 15 to apply for identity cards from the police, to be shown on demand to any police officer.
July 25, 1938 - Jewish doctors prohibited by law from practicing medicine.
August 11, 1938 - Nazis destroy the synagogue in Nuremberg.
August 17, 1938 - Nazis require Jewish women to add Sarah and men to add Israel to their names on all legal documents including passports.
September 27, 1938 - Jews are prohibited from all legal practices.
October 5, 1938 - Law requires Jewish passports to be stamped with a large red "J."
October 15, 1938 - Nazi troops occupy the Sudetenland.
November 9/10 - Kristallnacht - The Night of Broken Glass.
November 12, 1938 - Nazis fine Jews one billion marks for damages related to Kristallnacht.
November 15, 1938 - Jewish pupils are expelled from all non-Jewish German schools.
1939:
February 21, 1939 - Nazis force Jews to hand over all gold and silver items.
April 30, 1939 - Jews lose rights as tenants and are relocated into Jewish houses.
In May - The St. Louis, a ship crowded with 930 Jewish refugees, is turned away by Cuba, the United States and other countries and returns to Europe.
July 4, 1939 - German Jews denied the right to hold government jobs.
September 1, 1939 - Jews in Germany are forbidden to be outdoors after 8 p.m. in winter and 9 p.m. in summer.
September 21, 1939 - Heydrich issues instructions to SS Einsatzgruppen (special action squads) in Poland regarding treatment of Jews, stating they are to be gathered into ghettos near railroads for the future "final goal." He also orders a census and the establishment of Jewish administrative councils within the ghettos to implement Nazi policies and decrees.
September 23, 1939 - German Jews are forbidden to own wireless (radio) sets.
In October - Nazis begin euthanasia on sick and disabled in Germany.
October 26, 1939 - Forced labor decree issued for Polish Jews aged 14 to 60.
November 23, 1939 - Yellow stars required to be worn by Polish Jews over age 10
1940:
January 25, 1940 - Nazis choose the town of Oswiecim (Auschwitz) in Poland near Krakow as the site of a new concentration camp.
February 12, 1940 - First deportation of German Jews into occupied Poland.
November 15, 1940 - The Warsaw Ghetto, containing over 400,000 Jews, is sealed off.
1941:
September 3, 1941 - The first test use of Zyklon-B gas at Auschwitz.
September 1, 1941 - German Jews ordered to wear yellow stars.
1942:
In January - Mass killings of Jews using Zyklon-B begin at Auschwitz-Birkenau in Bunker I (the red farmhouse) in Birkenau with the bodies being buried in mass graves in a nearby meadow.
January 20, 1942 - Wannsee Conference to coordinate the "Final Solution."
June 30, 1942 - At Auschwitz, a second gas chamber, Bunker II (the white farmhouse), is made operational at Birkenau due to the number of Jews arriving.
June 30 and July 2 - The New York Times reports via the London Daily Telegraph that over 1,000,000 Jews have already been killed by Nazis.
September 9, 1942 - Open pit burning of bodies begins at Auschwitz in place of burial. The decision is made to dig up and burn those already buried, 107,000 corpses, to prevent fouling of ground water.
September 18, 1942 - Reduction of food rations for Jews in Germany.
1943:
In 1943 - The number of Jews killed by SS Einsatzgruppen passes one million. Nazis then use special units of slave laborers to dig up and burn the bodies to remove all traces.
January 18, 1943 - First resistance by Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto.
January 29, 1943 - Nazis order all Gypsies arrested and sent to extermination camps.
1944:
October 30, 1944 - Last use of the gas chambers at Auschwitz.
November 8, 1944 - Nazis force 25,000 Jews to walk over 100 miles in rain and snow from Budapest to the Austrian border, followed by a second forced march of 50,000 persons, ending at Mauthausen.
November 25, 1944 - Himmler orders destruction of the crematories at Auschwitz.
Late 1944 - Oskar Schindler saves 1200 Jews by moving them from Plaszow labor camp to his hometown of Brunnlitz.
1945:
In 1945 - As Allied troops advance, the Nazis conduct death marches of concentration camp inmates away from outlying areas.
January 27, 1945 - Russian troops liberate Auschwitz. By this time, an estimated 2,000,000 persons, including 1,500,000 Jews, have been murdered there.
April 15, 1945 - Approximately 40,000 prisoners freed at Bergen-Belsen by the British, who report "both inside and outside the huts was a carpet of dead bodies, human excreta, rags and filth."
April 29, 1945 - U.S. 7th Army liberates Dachau.
April 30, 1945 - Hitler commits suicide in his Berlin bunker.
Many of the Ten Commandments were broken during the Holocaust including the 4th Commandment (honor your mother and father) hitler killed his mother because she was Jewish. The 5th Commandment (You shall not kill) The Nazi killed millions of innocent people. And the 7th Commandment (You shall not steal) the nazis not only stole physical items from people but also their lives.
